Neuro-Ophthalmology of subspecialties and modern in ophthalmology, and a doctor who specializes in this area his diagnosis and treatment of vision problems related to the nervous system, and do not originate from the eye itself.
As a result of the development of medicine and generally Chabh, each discipline became a subset featuring specialties minutes, and thus became ophthalmology and surgery includes many disciplines, respect each portion of the parts of the eye. An eye on despite their small size compared to other members of the body, is a member of a highly complex sensitive.
• How are eye problems to the nervous system?- The link to the central nervous system and very closely, as all visual effects, of various kinds, transmitted from the retina to the brain, and specifically to the posterior lobe of it. And there are many other parts of the brain, each serving a specific function where there are parts competent highlight colors and other discrimination movement and shapes ... Etc.. Neuro-Ophthalmology is accurate and specialty needs training and experience in diseases of the eye, brain, nerves, and muscles.The eye gets a neurologist specialization certificate after passing a doctoral degree or fellowship in the specialty of general or specialty eye brain and nerves, after which the fellowship between the duration of one or two years in the study of this specialization.• What is the difference between an ophthalmologist and a neurologist eyes?- The neurologist usually diagnose eye diseases related to the optic nerve and the nervous system, by examining the patient's eye perspective, and the nervous system, and the body in general. So the ophthalmologist year, doctors and surgeons Neurosurgery convert many of their patients to a neurologist eyes to help them diagnose diseases and symptoms related to eye and resulting from a defect in the nervous system, such as clots brain, and sclerosis diffuse, and muscle weakness, and pituitary tumors.Could say that an eye doctor in general and a neurologist eyes in particular are sometimes the first to diagnose diseases that affect the body in general and not the eye only, has the saving someone's life by diagnosing some emergency cases that need to get medical help immediately, such as swelling of the optic nerve resulting from high brain pressure and blood pressure often sometimes that needs urgent intervention.Other diseases common by the neurologist eyes بتشخيصها and treatment are diseases optic nerve, loss in consideration, duplication vision, movements and Ahtzazat eye is natural, thyroid disease affecting the eye, the lack of equal size pupil of the eyes, and diseases and disorders of the eyelids.Signs reveal many diseases• What are the most important diseases of nerves of the eyes that the consultant neurologist eyes بتشخيصها?- Of which the most important are:Optic neuritis:Optic neuritis is a common cause of vision loss and affects patients between 45 - 60 years and occurs in women more than men. Symptoms include pain in the eye companion to partial or total loss of vision. And is caused by increasing the activity of the body's immune system, which plays an important role in resistance to disease and bacteria, but sometimes may become active for unknown reasons and begins to attack the body itself. In most cases improves considered within 4 to 6 weeks of starting treatment, then there is a noticeable improvement after a period of 3-6 months.The neurologist eyes request rays magnetic resonance of the brain, and if it shows MRI infections in the central nervous system (white spots appear in the rays), it means that the probability of disease sclerosis widespread in the future is higher than the average person and up to about 50% within 10 years. In the case of whether normal MRI, this also does not mean that there is no chance of relapses of the disease in the future as it remains a possibility exists, but be less chance to happen.Regardless of whether the disease will shift to a hardening of diffuse (MS) in the future, the prospect of restoring vision well in optic neuritis, studies have shown that some types of drugs may delay or prevent setbacks new nervous system, so it is important to identify the patients with high risk of multiple sclerosis in the future and start preventive treatment at them early.Double vision:Double vision may be chronic or may occur suddenly. The patient may complain of two double vision or image accompanied by the shadow. Some causes double vision may be unrelated nerves of the eye, such as dryness of the cornea, not suitable glasses for the patient or white water in the eye. At other times be caused by an imbalance in the movement of the eye as a result of an imbalance in the nerves or muscles of the eye.From diseases that may cause duplication in sharp vision of relatively young patients Age infections of the central nervous system such as diffuse sclerosis, muscle weakness, and sometimes head injuries resulting from car accidents, for example. In older people is relatively severe van duplication may be caused by a clot in the nerves of the eye, especially if the person is suffering from high cholesterol and blood pressure and diabetes. In these cases, the gradual improvement occurs to double vision with sugar regulation, and pressure and cholesterol.In cases of chronic double vision that does not have a specific reason, you should consult a neurologist eyes, where it is likely there is a mass or tumor is pressing on the nerves of the eye, and in this case may Asltzm this surgical intervention.Facial spasm and eyelids:Blepharospasm condition that causes spasms in the muscles of the face and eyelid so that the patient to close the eyelids and turning a blind eye strongly and uncontrollable. The case may sometimes accompanied spasm in half of the facial muscles.Situation is caused by an imbalance in the functions of the benthic brain cells that specializes in organizing movement in general. May worsen the patient's condition is difficult for him to read or drive a car, as well as the social embarrassment that joins it.Treatment is often by injecting Botox, which works to prevent Alagmad and eyelid movement so that the person which can be exercised his life normally. But the effect of Botox injections temporarily extends between a period of 3-6 months, then is injected patient Balbotks again.Enlargement of the pituitary gland:Pituitary gland located at the bottom of the brain, which is the body's master gland that controls the functions of other glands. And tumors or pituitary bulges are very common, as a result of its existence directly below the optic nerve in the brain, any inflation or tumors in this region may cause pressure on the optic nerve, and thus a decrease in vision and the field of view. Other symptoms resulting from enlargement of the pituitary gland is to increase the secretion of the hormone which causes milk menopause and increased secretion of milk in women and impotence in men. Less common are pituitary tumors that cause an increase in the length and increase the size of the hand and foot, which produces increased growth hormone secretion.If the volume of inflation in the pituitary gland significantly, this may cause pressure on the optic nerve to the brain, the patient may feel a partial loss of vision in one eye or the outer side of the vision in both eyes. The case is diagnosed through an eye examination and consideration and then magnetic resonance rays of the brain. In the case of a small tumors secrete hormones, it is possible to follow-up or treatment with hormones, drugs that reduce excreted.In the case of a large tumor in the thyroid with the effect of the nerve of the eye, the surgical intervention may be necessary to maintain the vision. This is often done through a process conducted by the nose to remove the tumor from the bottom of the brain.May follow surgery therapy using X-precise and focused through a three-dimensional device to eliminate the remaining portion of the tumor. In most cases no improvement in vision after the surgery, then the patient must periodically follow-up with the doctor, and a field examination reviewed regularly to make sure the situation will not return.
High brain pressure:Nominate the optic nerve may mean an increase in the pressure of the brain, and this does not mean that the presence of high eye pressure or high blood pressure. A patient who suffers from hypertension brain may complain of intermittent periods of blurred vision in the eyes and chronic headaches and pain in the shoulder and neck.The doctor in this case work-ray scan of the head or magnetic resonance radiation of the head to make sure there is no tumor or block it. That was excluded this possibility, this so-called high-pressure self-brain malady or undefined reason. This disease affects more women than men and the majority of patients suffering from obesity.The patient suffers from symptoms such as headaches and other symptoms such as blurred vision-related temporary sudden when you do sit or sudden as well as double vision, it is also likely that the patient has increased its weight in the past few months before the onset of symptoms.In addition to MRI and CT scans of the brain, the doctor often asked have made shirt (withdraw a small amount of spinal fluid through a small needle in the lower part of the back), this examination latter is of extreme importance because of which can be measured pressure brain and analyze spinal fluid to make sure the absence of inflammation or infection.Although this case may cause a headache due to rising pressure brain, the damage only adult output of which is the vision and the optic nerve, and with time if the pressure brain up with a run in the optic nerve, the serious damage may occur to the optic nerve and vision. The treatment of this case depends on the extent of the suffering of the patient's symptoms as headaches and the impact his vision due to illness.Treatment initially be through pills «Daemox» by the dose prescribed by your doctor, but in a small percentage of cases, treatment with «Aldaamox» may be ineffective patient may need surgical intervention.Weight Loss by nearly 15% also one of the effective means to cure this disease, where studies have shown the existence of a close relationship between obesity and disease.
Bulging eye resulting from a thyroid imbalance:Bulging eye resulting from an increase in the activity of the thyroid gland of a very common disease. And often produces poor thyroid imbalance in the immune system cause either an increase or a decrease in the activity. In this disease secreted by immune system antibodies to the dynamics of the eye muscles, causing drier, Gehoza, and double vision, and a rise in the eyelid so that it becomes prominent and eye open abnormally.In addition to the symptoms mentioned, the patient may suffer from symptoms resulting from an increase in the activity of the thyroid gland, such as increased heart rate, weight loss, excessive sweat and increase tension and nervousness excess.Ill are processed eye socket depending on the severity of the disease, in cases of high eyelid dramatically and dry eye drops are described moisturizing and eye closures put a bandage on it. In the case of whether the eyelid open and clear, the patient may need to process in the eyelids lowered to normal.In the case of a double vision as a result of inflation eye muscles, this can be treated by a publication in glasses or surgery similar operations on children.If eye Jahzh dramatically causing severe drought in the eye and difficult to shut down, or in the case of inflation in the muscles causes pressure on the eye nerve, the surgical intervention with intensive cortisone injection becomes necessary to prevent deterioration of the loss permanently.Through surgical intervention parts are removed from the bone and fat interior of the eye socket so that there is ample room for the optic nerve to relieve pressure on him and as a reference for the eye to normal.As a result of the development of modern methods of surgery eye socket, these operations are also performed for cosmetic purposes, even with the absence of drought in the eye or put pressure on the optic nerve, and to return the eye to normal what caused protruded eyeball and visibility of critical social and negative effect on the psyche of the patient and the look of people to him .But the patient must wishing to conduct these operations be aware that there are some complications resulting from surgery orb that occur in some cases, such as bleeding, or double vision, and that is treat it Baalmyat other.
Migraine:Migraine disease or sister of common diseases by 15-20% in the population and occurs by high in the women to rate between 30% to 50%. Migraine or migraine may cause disturbances in vision occur before or during the headaches, and often appear in the form of mobile forms or glowing lights moving and see through the eyes. Vision disorders may extend the period between 10-30 minutes was accompanied by nausea, and extreme sensitivity against the lights or loud sounds.There may sometimes factors and causes that may cause migraines suddenly like some Kalajpan cuisine, and chocolate, and substance of nitrite in some preserved foods, caffeine, and certain types of nuts and artificial sweeteners.Also some of the hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy may increase the incidence of migraine, as well as a migraine headache in a family member or relatives may increase the probability of occurrence of migraines.Can treat acute migraine attacks sedating medications such as aspirin, but in cases where there is frequent headaches may require preventive treatment long-term. Must also move away from the etiology of migraine headaches that are found in foods and sometimes pills that may cause migraines.
Dr. Raed BehbehaniAmerican Board of OphthalmologyConsultant eye diseases and eye nervesKuwait
09/12/2010
